### Control Flow Basics

Continuing our exploration of Julia basics, let's take a look at control flow in Julia.
As the name suggests control flow operators help us shape the flow of the program. One typical example might be break. break tells Julia to exit the loop or do block it's currently in.

To understand these concept, we'll attempt another problem. Nothing better than some hands on experience.
Our challenge is as follows: Given 2 integers (a, b) print the smallest (up to) 5 integers between a and b such that we're not printing numbers divisible by 3.
For example using a=5 and b=23 we should return:

5
7
8
10
11
If a and b are closer to each other we print everything up to b. Here's another example with a=2 b=4

2
4
If you're a complete newcomer to programming, you might want to check out the fizzbuzz post where I explain mod operator etc.
Let's begin by printing all the number between a and b:
julia> function fancy_printer(a,b)
for i in a:b
println(i)
end
end
fancy_printer (generic function with 1 method)

julia> fancy_printer(3,7)
3
4
5
6
7

continue in Julia helps us to skip an iteration of the for loop. We'll use this to skip priting numbers divisible by 3.
julia> function fancy_printer(a,b)
for i in a:b
if mod(i,3) == 0
continue
end

println(i)
end
end
fancy_printer (generic function with 1 method)

julia> fancy_printer(3,7)
4
5
7

Alright, one problem down. But what happens if b-a > 5?
julia> fancy_printer(3,12)
4
5
7
8
10
11

That means we have to be careful not with what we print, but how many times we print in total.
To handle this, we'll introduce another variable called printed that we can use to count the number of times we printed. If this value reaches 5 we can just end the for loop with break and be done with it.
julia> function fancy_printer(a,b)

printed = 0

for i in a:b
if printed == 5
break
end

if mod(i, 3) == 0
continue
end

println(i)
printed += 1
end

end
fancy_printer (generic function with 1 method)

julia>
fancy_printer(3,12)
4
5
7
8
10

And job done. We print only 5 numbers and none of them are divisible by 3. You might want to check a few more test cases at this point just to make sure our function indeed does what we want it to do.
If you want to make fancy_printer even fancier you can do so by using some ternary operators in Julia to make your code more compact. The ternary operators && and || can compress the if blocks into a single line. Here's how our code would look like:
julia> function fancy_printer(a,b)

printed = 0

for i in a:b

printed == 5 && break
mod(i, 3) == 0 && continue

println(i)
printed += 1
end
end
fancy_printer (generic function with 1 method)

julia>
fancy_printer(3,12)
4
5
7
8
10

Isn't this pretty? Julia is just pure magic!